US launches Oregon floating wind pursuit with draft areas holding some 2.6GW

Designation of the wind energy areas off the state's southern coast initiates an extended comment period to hear stakeholder concerns as opposition ramps

BOEM director Liz Klein.
BOEM director Liz Klein.Foto: Department of Interior

The US has boosted floating wind development with establishment of two draft wind energy areas (WEAs) in deep waters off the West Coast of Oregon despite burgeoning opposition from an array of stakeholders.

The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), lead regulator of energy development on the US outer continental shelf, set the first WEA around 32 miles (51km) in the northwest corner of the Coos Bay call area.

The second lies just north of the state’s windswept southern border with neighbouring California in the Brookings call area.

Together, they cover some 219,568 acres (888.5km2) and hold at least 2.6GW of potential capacity, a fraction of the call areas designated last year that cover 1,800 square miles (4,662km2) with 13GW of capacity.

A call area refers to a region established by the regulator as having potential for commercial scale offshore wind development.

“As BOEM works to identify potential areas for offshore wind development, we continue to prioritize a robust and transparent process, including ongoing engagement with Tribal governments, agency partners, the fishing community, and other ocean users,” said director Elizabeth Klein.

Oregon has one of the cleanest grids in the US, with some 64% of its power generation in renewables, mostly large-scale hydroelectric, according to the US Energy Information Administration.

It also has a huge opportunity for floating wind development, with its southern coastline enjoying among the highest average wind speeds in the US at over 10 metres per second.

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) estimates the state has some 65GW of technical offshore wind energy opportunity.

NREL finds that 5.5GW capacity development by 2050 could “support 65,000 to 97,000 job-years and contribute $6.8bn to $9.9bn to the state gross domestic product”.
The state legislature passed a law targeting 3GW of capacity by 2030, while the Biden administration has set a target of 15GW of development under the Floating Wind Shot set last year. BOEM could hold its first auction off Oregon as early as the end of this year.

“These new WEAs will benefit not just Oregon, but California and Washington by attracting new investments in ports, vessels, and supply chain companies and delivering reliable power to the Western grid,” said Liz Burdock, CEO of industry advocate group Business Network for Offshore Wind.

Through this development, “the US has an opportunity to emerge as a global leader in floating offshore wind,” she added.

“Release of the draft WEAs is an important step that will help focus the ongoing conversation and enable us to be more specific in researching and discussing potential project locations,” Peter Cogswell, director of government and external affairs for floating wind developer Simply Blue, told Recharge.
Simply Blue's joint venture with French oil major TotalEnergies, Deep Blue Pacific, submitted proposals for up to 3GW of projects in the Oregon call areas last year.

The joint venture (JV) nominated a pair of floating projects with 3GW of capacity into the two areas proposed by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), the federal regulator of energy development on the outer continental shelf.

Despite its promise, local opposition to the industry from the state’s powerful fisheries and Tribes has grown and even governor Tina Kotek, Democrat, added her signature to a letter to BOEM urging a slowdown in development to address stakeholder concerns.

“Many valid questions and concerns remain about floating offshore wind,” the letter, which was signed by its two US Congressional senators and representatives, all Democrats.

In April, the federally-authorised Pacific Fishery Management Council submitted letters to BOEM and Kotek calling for rescinding of call areas and restarting the leasing process to reflect the concerns of the fishing fleet.

The deep, cold waters of the US northern Pacific are among the world’s most productive fisheries, and Oregon’s fishing fleet generates an annual average of $500m revenue and employs some 9,200 people, according to the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife.

The Affiliated Tribes of Northwest Indians (ATNI) likewise oppose the sector.

The announcement initiates an extended, 60-day comment period, up from the typical 45-days, “at the request of Oregon’s governor and other state officials”, according to Klein.

Development in Oregon and West Coast generally will face other hurdles as well, including scarcity of port and supply chain infrastructure and transmission capacity.

The mostly rural state lacks significant load centres or a substantial grid. NREL sees the state’s grid capable of integrating some 2.6GW of offshore wind without substantial investment, but anything beyond that would require upgrades that could cost billions.

And despite the lengthy coastline of 363 miles (584km), the state faces a dearth of scalable ports capable of handling floating wind’s massive componentry.

The Port of Coos Bay has stand-out potential for repurposing as an offshore wind port but would require $475m in investment.
The WEA designation follows BOEM's successful auction of five- leases off the coast of California last year that kickstarted floating wind development in the US.
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Published 15 August 2023, 22:19Updated 17 August 2023, 20:13
AmericasUSOregonBOEMElizabeth Klein