Labour's UK offshore wind target impossible, says Jan De Nul chief

Contractor's UK manager also runs rule over British state-owned installation fleet and how such vessels are being pushed to the limit by turbine supersizing

Despite the challenges faced by offshore wind, Skillen said the outlook is "bright" in many respects.
Despite the challenges faced by offshore wind, Skillen said the outlook is "bright" in many respects.Photo: Norman Skillen

The Labour Party is expected to sweep to power in the UK in a few weeks but its goal of having 60GW of offshore wind installed by 2030 is impossible and will not be taken seriously by the supply chain, says Jan De Nul’s UK manager.

Addressing the RenewableUK Global Offshore Wind summit in Manchester this week, Labour’s would-be energy secretary Ed Miliband reiterated his plan to turn the UK into a “clean energy superpower.”

That plan includes quadrupling the UK’s offshore wind capacity from its current level of almost 15GW by the end of the decade. By that time, Labour, which is polling at twice the levels of support for the ruling Conservative Party ahead of the 4 July election, wants fossil fuels booted off the electricity grid entirely.

Speaking to Recharge at the conference, Norman Skillen, general UK and Ireland manager for Benelux marine contractor Jan De Nul, said his personal view is that even if there were enough installation vessels that could install next-generation turbines it would “still be very challenging to get to 50GW,” the current UK target, “never mind 60GW.”
A shortage of installation vessels is a pressing global concern for the offshore wind industry but Skillen warned this is far from the only issue. There are not enough foundations to install 50GW of offshore wind turbines in the UK by 2030, he said.

“If you haven’t got foundations, you can’t install turbines, even if the turbines are available.”

Skillen spoke on a panel at the RenewableUK event in Manchester last week.Photo: RenewableUK

There is also a “seven-year wait” for the HVDC electrical switchgear for offshore wind farms, he said.

So for any project using HVDC that wants to be up and running by 2030, “they need to place that switchgear order today.”

Adding another 10GW to the current UK target of installing 50GW of offshore wind power by 2030 “is a great headline,” he said. “But – personal view, not the company view – it cannot be done.”

Skillen also doubted that the supply chain would take the new target “very seriously” as a signal to increase investment.

“Ultimately, the projects are usually built by developers,” he said, noting that they had staged a no-show at the UK’s last renewables auction, AR5.

The upcoming edition AR6 “doesn’t look like being a bumper round yet,” he said – although a new government “could change that.”

A state-owned fleet? ‘You can see a case – and lots of problems’

The Institute for Public Policy Research recently said that Britain should create a state-owned installation vessel fleet to help boost the rollout of offshore turbines.

If the UK was really determined to hit its targets and this was something that was “ultra-important,” Skillen said the “only way you could influence the 2030 target is introduce more capacity into the marketplace.”

“That could mean some direct government intervention,” he said. “So you could see a case for it.”

“But governments have never run installation vessels before,” he said, and they are expensive items that would have to be run by marine contractors, of which you could argue there is also a shortage.

The UK work would likely come in “lumps” so the vessels wouldn’t always be fully utilised. “So there’s all sorts of problems on that.”

“But the fact that the UK needs more vessel capacity, or access to vessel capacity, especially for the 2030 target, is obvious.”

Looking at the number of projects you’d need to complete to even hit 50GW by 2030 and installation programmes, “it’s colossal.”

Jan de Nul's Voltaire vessel installing turbine at the giant Dogger Bank project in the UK.Photo: Jan de Nul

Turbine supersizing pushing vessel designs ‘to limits’

One thing that is not helping the global rollout of offshore wind turbines is their continuous supersizing by OEMs.

Talk of a Western detente in the wind turbine ‘arms race’ appears to have been blown out of the water by unconfirmed reports that Siemens Gamesa is now planning a monster 21MW offshore model.
Ever larger models are provoking an exasperated response from the supply chain, with a Jan Del Nul chief telling a Recharge event in Oslo last year that its vessel Voltaire, claimed to be the largest offshore jack-up installation vessel ever built, is already struggling with turbine sizes just a year after being commissioned.

Skillen said Jan De Nul had “tried to build a vessel that's future-proofed as much as possible.”

But if you build a vessel now “you really want to know what size is a turbine in 2040 – and of course nobody can answer that question.”

“Once you size these vessels it’s very hard to upgrade them. And they’re really at the limits of engineering”.

He highlighted that the Voltaire jacking system is using the “thickest steel plate that’s available commercially in the world today,” with only a handful of steel mills able to make it.

It is not just vessel makers that are suffering, he said. OEMs will typically have a “whole army” of smaller companies making all the nuts and bolts for turbines. They have had to build new factories as turbines get bigger and “they haven’t made any money all the way along that journey.”

“So when [turbine OEMs] go back to them and say actually that factory you built recently isn't big enough now you need to build a bigger one… some of these suppliers will probably say no.”

Skillen stressed however that while the sector has challenges just "like any other growing industry," the outlook is "bright for growth, jobs, lower emissions and energy security as offshore wind plays an important role in the energy transition."

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Published 25 June 2024, 06:14Updated 27 June 2024, 12:29
Jan de NulBelgiumUKEuropePolicy