Floating wind's gigascale future hinges on 'specially adapted' turbines: EDF project chief

Joanna Kluczewska-Bordier, lead on utility's 25MW PGL pilot off France, believes tomorrow's commercial projects will need new-look machines tailored to moored platforms and far-offshore operation

Construction at France's Eiffage Metal of tension-leg platforms for SBM's trio of floating wind platforms for EDF's 25MW PGL project in the Mediterranean
Construction at France's Eiffage Metal of tension-leg platforms for SBM's trio of floating wind platforms for EDF's 25MW PGL project in the MediterraneanFoto: Recharge

Turbine designs for floating wind units must begin to look beyond conventional three-bladed models if the sector is to accelerate its industrialisation and produce power optimally from far offshore sites in the future, the project lead on French utility EDF’s sector flagship said today (Wednesday), striking a light for new-look deepwater concepts coming into the market.

Joanna Kluczewska-Bordier said EDF’s experience building one of the four floating wind demonstrator arrays set to be moored off France in the near future, the 25MW Province Grand Large, led her to believe topmost among tests facing the industry now was developing wind turbines “specifically adapted” to floating hulls.

Doing so, she said, would help answer the other “key technical challenges” lying ahead for the sector: mass fabrication of units, fit-for-purpose harbours and construction infrastructure, and issues around componentry switch-out and maintenance offshore.

“Most of the basic technical challenges related to floating and turbine designs have already been well identified thanks to demonstrator projects and pilot wind farms,” said Kluczewska-Bordier, speaking on a World Forum Offshore Wind webinar.

“People are now generally convinced that floating wind works and… works well [at high capacity factors].”

But Kluczewska-Bordier, looking ahead to a global floating wind pipeline calculated to be in the region of 190GW, said: “Building these [future] gigascale projects… [while] bringing down the cost of floating wind... [would] benefit greatly from new turbine designs that are specifically adapted to floating.

“Today the nacelles are identical to fixed-bottom projects and this is sometimes a challenge in terms of… assembly [in port]. So it is important, I think, when we are talking about big, commercial scale [projects, that] wind turbines should be more and more adapted to floating,” she said.

“For PGL we found a proper way of installing the Siemens Gamesa turbines on SBM [tension leg platform (TLP)] floaters, but is a critical operation to be taken into account for any floater project.”

Turbine design should be rethought in the context of harbours “of the right size and capacity”, a supply chain “ready to go”, and those “new ways [that will be] found” to reduce running costs once a floating wind project is in operation, said Kluczewska-Bordier.

The three floaters for PGL, being assembled in Port Saint-Louis on the Mediterranean Sea, are slated to be installed in 100 metres of water some 14km offshore “later this year” as part of the first project in the world to employ so-called TLPs.

“PGL was important in leading up to commercial floating wind deployment and we learned a lot in terms design, innovation and construction, with many challenges that were dealt with,” said Kluczewska-Bordier, who at an earlier stage in her career worked for French vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) technologist Nénuphar, including on a pioneering sector project with EDF.
Though first-generation floating units including Equinor’s Hywind spar design, Principle Power’s WindFloat and BW Ideol’s open-centre barge have all performed at capacity factors – how much of the time a turbine operating is running a full-power – beating bottom-fixed units, a number of the new concepts, including those from Norway’s World Wide Wind and Sweden’s SeaTwirl, are looking to break the mould with VAWT models.

Industry observers have flagged that ‘specially adapted’ covered a wide spectrum of technologies, including modified towers and controller software as well as “two-bladed, VAWT solutions etc”.

Consultancy DNV calculates floating projects currently make up over 15% of the total offshore wind deployment in the pipeline for switch-on by mid-century, equal to some 264GW of the 1,750GW slated to be installed.
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Published 22 February 2023, 21:04Updated 23 February 2023, 20:18
EDFWorld Forum Offshore WindEuropeSBM OffshoreSiemens Gamesa