Can the EU's wind power package really help its under-pressure industry?

European Commission due to present package that will focus on permitting, auctions, skills, access to finance and stable supply chains

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen.Foto: European Union

The European Commission tomorrow (Tuesday) is expected to present a new package to help the continent’s loss-making wind industry, as Ursula von der Leyen announced during her State of the Union speech in September.

The European Commission President acknowledged the sector is “currently facing a unique mix of challenges” and said the European Wind Power package would fast-track permitting even more, improve auction systems across the EU, and focus on skills, access to finance and stable supply chains.

But will the package really go beyond previous plans announced with fanfare by the EU and help the embattled industry, or will it just recycle already existing measures under a fancy new name?

The European Commission didn’t want to reveal too much when contacted by Recharge and mainly repeated what von der Leyen had said about the package.

“It will complement the existing framework under the revised Renewable Energy Directive to fast-track permitting even more and it will improve the auction systems across all EU Member States,” a Commission spokesman said.

“It will be part of our work to deliver the European Green Deal, which includes supporting industry with the green transition.”

The spokesman declined to say, however, whether the package will include guidelines for auctions that include pre-qualification and non-price criteria in a way that they could help European manufacturers shield themselves from cheap Chinese competitors – a measure increasingly being demanded by the sector.

Manufacturers are concerned they could be pushed out of their home market by Chinese (or other overseas) rivals just like solar panel makers before them a decade ago, and point to Chinese OEMs being helped by cheap state financing and often obscure state subsidies, as well as possible dumping prices.

Speaking to Recharge after Chinese OEM Sany in an interview said it plans to sell supersized onshore turbines in Europe and is searching for sites to build a factory there, WindEurope CEO Giles Dickson said the EU must deliver on the wind power package or risk another key industry unfolding.

“There’s a whole difference between European companies trying to compete in the Chinese market fairly without unfair public subsidies and Chinese companies competing in the European market with unfairly subsidised financial terms, and prices that may well be unfairly subsidised as well,” he said.

WindEurope earlier this month told Recharge that the fact that von der Leyen dedicated a large section of her State of the Union speech to wind power was untypical and shows how alert the EU Commission is to the problems of the wind sector. Brussels also is concerned that its Green Deal won’t be achieved with wind turbines from Europe unless manufacturing capacities on the continent are boosted, and existing wind jobs protected.

The auctioning design should favour the “best projects” instead of just the cheapest, a WindEurope official said. Pre-qualification criteria should make sure that critical data are stored on servers in Europe and not elsewhere, was another demand.

Current EU state aid regulation already allows for non-price criteria to weigh up to 30% in a tender, and some countries such as the Netherlands are already applying that rule.

To help European manufacturers, the EU could sharpen that rule and make it binding for all tenders.

EU energy ministers last week as part of an amendment to the bloc’s electricity market design already agreed to make contracts for difference (CfDs) the norm in tenders for new renewable energy capacity, which had been a long-standing demand by the wind industry. However, the reform proposal so far didn’t include non-price criteria.

Support for manufacturers?

It is unclear which measures in financing the European Commission plans.

According to a leaked draft last week, The EU plans to increase financial support for Europe’s ailing wind sector and to launch a probe into subsidies of overseas wind product imports, the Reuters news agency said.

The draft document said the EU would closely monitor "possible unfair trade practices which benefit foreign wind manufacturers" including subsidies for products sold into the European market, the agency said.

"If justified, the Commission will activate its trade defence instruments," the draft is quoted as saying. The EU last month had already launched an investigation into cheap Chinese electric vehicle imports.

Financial support could include a scheme by the European Investment Bank to counter-guarantee banks' credit exposures to wind industry suppliers, Reuters said, referring to the leaked draft.

The EU or its member states could also grant cheap financing themselves for wind manufacturers in Europe.

In principle, that should already be possible after the EU earlier this year created its new ‘temporary crisis and transition framework’ which greatly expands the scope for EU member states to grant state aid.

German climate minister Robert Habeck at the Husum Wind exposition in northern Germany last month revealed that his government is already in talks with the wind industry over state guarantees for turbine manufacturers to keep production capacity in the country, or even boost it in order to meet the country’s ambitious 2030 renewable energy targets.

“The manufacturers know that there will be a large wind power market in Germany in the future, both onshore and offshore,” Habeck said at the opening of the Husum Wind exposition and conference in northern Germany.

“The orders aren't really arriving yet, but I would still like the manufacturers of wind turbines to maintain capacity now and, if necessary, expand it.”

WindEurope also pointed to the fact that companies currently don’t have enough capital to invest in the supply chain. But it is unclear whether or how the EU as part of its wind power package would come up with further measures to shore up financing for manufacturers and their suppliers.

If the EU wants to keep wind manufacturing at home, it should act fast and be bold as developers such as Norway’s Statkraft or the UAE’s Masdar are already making clear they would use Chinese turbines if circumstances are right.
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Published 23 October 2023, 05:23Updated 23 October 2023, 05:23
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